Diabetic sugar is one of the most common diseases in the world.Despite all its complexity, there are methods that allow you to greatly facilitate human life.First, it is necessary to observe a certain diet.
If you stick to the properly prescribed meal, then diabetes will not affect the general well -being and in addition, the likelihood of various types of complications is reduced, including heart attack, stroke, etc.
Diet
The diabetes diet is determined depending on the type of disease itself and the age category.So there are general principles for building proper nutrition that are adjusted based on the individual indicators of the human body.
As it is impossible to cure the disease, to reduce the danger of it, a certain menu is prescribed.Using appropriate food at a clearly specified time is necessary for:
- reducing the risks of chronic and acute complications;
- maintaining good health and relatively strong immunity;
- preventing a set of excess weight or get rid of it;
- Keeping blood sugar within permissible limits.
There are two types of diabetes.The first in other words is called insulin -dependent.Its development is related to the lesion and death of cells in the pancreas and are responsible for the production of insulin.
With it, the food is aimed at maintaining the insulin therapy process and is more recently an additional method of control of the disease.Its principles are similar to those to whom healthy people adhere to a good figure and well -being.
The main difference is the need to calculate the number of carbohydrates.As the treatment of type 1 diabetes consists in taking insulin, you should monitor what percentage in the daily diet is given to carbohydrates.As a rule, it should be no more than 60%.
Because type 2 diabetes, it is also dependent on insulin, develops in people with obesity, respectively the diet diet comes first.In the initial stage of the disease or easy meaning lies in a rational way of excess weight.
When diabetes of this type reaches medium or even severe, then in addition to the diet, taking medicines aimed at reducing blood sugar or insulin levels.It is worth noting that in such cases, special attention should be paid to physical activity.Thanks to them, such a problem as obesity can be solved without surgery.
The most popular diets are So -Called 8 and 9 tables.The eighth diet mass is applicable to those who suffer from overweight or tend to end.The ninth is taken as a basis in determining the diet for diabetics.
Diet # 9 for diabetes
Diet No. 9 is considered therapeutic and is prescribed to normalize metabolism (carbohydrates).It is also aimed at preventing disorders associated with fat metabolism.The calorie content should not exceed 2500 kcal.
A similar diet is characterized as follows:
- The calorie content must be reduced by the use of animal fats and carbohydrates, which are easily absorbed (except for sweets and sugar);
- partial restriction or complete exclusion of cholesterol and salt;
- More consumption of more vitamins and fiber;
- Protein content should be within the normal range.
The basis of all useful diets, including the ninth, is proper nutrition.It is often necessary to eat in small portions.The total frequency should be 5 or 6 times a day.
Frying or stewed dishes should be eaten as little or completely forgotten about them.First of all, they must be baked and boiled.It is best to develop a menu for a week because it will be easier to watch this.A special preference should be given to the following products:
- Low fat meat;
- low fat fish;
- vegetables that contain no more than 5% carbohydrates;
- fruits (not all);
- Natural sugar -free drinks.
As for spices and eggs, their consumption should be limited.This is especially true for egg yolks.The number of proteins per day should not exceed 1.5.In addition to the fact that it is necessary to exclude sweets from the diabetes menu, also prohibiting pasta, butter and layer dough, marinated vegetables.
It is categorically impossible to consume bananas, dates, figs, grapes and all its derivatives.The same applies to fats such as pork, ram and beef.To get the necessary fats, you must use butter (without salt) and vegetables moderate.
Diet # 9 acts as a basis used to prescribe the necessary nutrition.Depending on the personal indicators of a person suffering from diabetes, he or she is adjusted.There are different types of diets that can be combined and find the right option for themselves.
What is a unit for bread?
Since the importance of proper nutrition for diabetics is to consume carbohydrates in certain quantities, you need to know how to determine this hidden norm on which it depends on how much and what products you should eat.
All products that include carbohydrates, different physical properties, calorie content and more.The usual measurement method is not subject to these characteristics.In addition, nutrition for diabetes requires increased control over your own daily rate.
To make it easier for you to determine how much you need to eat this or that product and not exceed what is allowed, nutritionists introduced the term "bread unit".The concept applies in cases where diabetics are prescribed to insulin.
With such a measured unit, it is much easier for a person to understand what can be eaten and drunk and what is impossible.It is a healthy menu based on personal indicators and can also change some products to others containing carbohydrates.
As a rule, a day should consume 18 to 25 such units.As there should be five meals, it is logical to rational to distribute this amount at all time.The main "dose" should enter the body in the morning.To monitor the number of aggregates consumed, you can draw the menu during the day.
How many calories to consume per day?
The diabetes diet requires the abandonment of many products and dishes that could previously enter into a daily diet.However, do not confuse the food, which allows normalization of sugar levels with the one that is needed to lose an extra pound.
Type -1 diabetes power is aimed at calculating correctly how much insulin is required.The calorie content in this case plays a less important role.It should be observed in order not to gain weight.
Type 2 diabetes really requires increased control over calories consumed, as it often develops exactly against the background of obesity.However, it is also not worth bringing them into the calculation of fanaticism.
The number of calories per day is calculated depending on the individual indicators of the body.The diet itself should be low in marking, but does not mean a complete absence of carbohydrates.It is necessary to eat, but it is important not to overeat.
When the question arises, what can be eaten with type 2 diabetes, many believe that you should sit on almost just crackers and water.This is definitely impossible.Food should be complete, containing vitamins and fiber.
There are various recipes for delicious, satisfying and at the same time useful dishes that will not allow them to improve, but at the same time a person will be full of power and energy.What specific products should be consumed and what approximate number of calories are allowed per day provided by his doctor.
Useful and harmful products
Low carbon diets are different.For a healthy person, they are less strict than for the one who has diagnosed diabetes.But their meaning is the same.They vary in the main list of products that are divided into healthy and harmful to diabetics.
Usefully
- All types of vegetables;
- Green (spinach, sorrel, dill);
- mushrooms;
- meat and fish (low fat);
- coffee and tea;
- Mineral water.
Harmful
Moderate sugar lift:
- potatoes;
- cereals;
- Pasta, including solid varieties;
- Acid products.
Strong sugar cultivation:
- sweet;
- copper;
- sugar drinks;
- alcohol;
- grapes and its derivatives;
- Sharp and salted spices.
Such product division is taken and is often considered as a basis when developing a diabetes menu.But what is useful for one can be harmful to the other.As everything is relative, an individual diet is drawn up for each diabetic.
How to eat obesity
There is an opinion that in order to lose weight, you need to stick to a strict low -calorie diet.But the fact is that it doesn't work.Numerous studies have shown that with a decrease in the caloricity of their diet, except for a constant feeling of hunger to an emptying fainter, nervousness and other things, nothing more happens.
With such a diet, it will be possible to lose literally a few pounds, but if at the same time the body is distinguished from elasticity and good muscles, then this is all that will all leave it first.Subcutaneous fats will not go anywhere, and sometimes on the contrary, it will accumulate even more.
The protein diet involves active consumption of proteins and a parallel decrease in the amount of fat and carbohydrates.The approach itself is not bad, but there are nuances here.Again, it is impossible to overdo it with protein and is completely prohibited by fat from the diet.The lack of carbohydrates will lead to a loss of vital energy.
As a result, everything is reduced to a low carbon diet again.In itself, it is necessary to reduce sugar.In weight loss, she is not a savior, but of all represented, she is the best.Its merit is that all the necessary elements that are needed to maintain vital activity fall into the body.
Thus, when there is a rational amount of natural fats, proteins and carbohydrates, there is no need to make deposits.Metabolism begins to work as a clock, there is no chronic feeling of hunger, the symptoms of the disease virtually disappear and one becomes more active.
Type 1 Diabetes Diet
In order to maintain the normal condition of the body in type 1 diabetes, the same low car diet is required.But in this case it must be strict.The table number here does not play a special role, although diet # 9 is often taken as a base.
The problem is that even the action of insulin is very different, so it is quite difficult to normalize the indicators.Therefore, it is necessary to stick to a certain meal.The less carbohydrates enter the body, the less it needs insulin.
It should be understood that his own diet is related to the personal dose of insulin.Therefore, when developing your menu, you should consider the amount of medicine.It is better to paint it during the day to make it easier.
Diet with type 2 diabetes
Since type 2 diabetes is less complicated than the first type, the diet is needed to get rid of excess weight and prevent it in the future.Again, a low carbohydrate diet is also recommended.Of course, this is an approximate diet that is adjusted.Its importance in the normalization of glucose and insulin in the blood, as well as in control of insulin resistance.
Some practice to take different tablets for weight loss and treatment with folk remedies.The former should be forgotten as a whole, since in the best case there will be no benefit to these medicines.
Folk remedies generally consist in all herbal infusions and decoctions.If you really understand the medicinal plants, then it is possible to do something from it, but it is not worth doing so.
Renal damage
Against the background of the disease, kidney failure may develop.It must be understood that it is not caused by nutritional proteins, as many mistakenly believe, but by high blood sugar.
The active development of such a disease is suspended when the glucose level is normalized.The diet helps to do so.Diet squirrels are not excluded, but you have to work with carbohydrates.Proper nutrition, accessible to ordinary people, can even lead to the fact that the kidneys will recover completely.
However, if the process is brought to the extreme, then there will be no return to healthy kidneys.In addition, in this case, a low -car diet can accelerate the destructive process.In order not to bring to this, you need to monitor your condition and the created table for yourself will help you control the strength where the plates and doses of insulin are painted, if necessary.
Other important points
Diabetes can develop at any age.In children, it can occur against the background of the fact that there was an overeating with flour products, sweets and more.After finding the problem over time and starts to solve it properly, complications can be avoided.
In women, the disease can occur for various reasons.Continuous loads, abundant nutrition (mainly harmful products), and inaction can cause overweight and as a result of type 2 diabetes.
Quite often there is a situation where the disease occurred during pregnancy.This is due to disorders of hormonal origin.In addition, a woman during this period can actively consume products that can cause diabetes.
As a rule, the less strict diet acts for pregnant women, which is aimed at normalizing the processes in the body and partially reducing weight, but without harm to the fetus.
With gestational diabetes or diabetes against the background of pregnancy, a strict nutrition should only be defined with a specialist.The diet should be adjusted, taking into account the fact that there is a parallel development of the fetus.By excluding any products, you can harm the unborn child.
In men, type 2 diabetes develops a little more rarely than in women.This is due to the fact that they somewhat accelerated metabolism.But harmful food, alcohol addiction and insignificant physical activity will easily lead to such a problem.